Introduction to Gadfly¶

In [4]:

using Pkg
Pkg.add("RDatasets")

using Pkg Pkg.add("RDatasets")

    Updating registry at `~/.julia/registries/General`
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Precompiling project...
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Introduction to Plots with example¶

Questions¶

• [ ] How to plot line?
• [ ] How to plot bar?
• [ ] How to set legend?
• [ ] How to change scale?
• [ ] How to change labels?
• [ ] How to set grid?

Preparing Data¶

In [5]:

using Gadfly, RDatasets
iris = dataset("datasets", "iris")

using Gadfly, RDatasets iris = dataset("datasets", "iris")

Out[5]:

150 rows × 5 columns

	SepalLength	SepalWidth	PetalLength	PetalWidth	Species
	Float64	Float64	Float64	Float64	Cat…
1	5.1	3.5	1.4	0.2	setosa
2	4.9	3.0	1.4	0.2	setosa
3	4.7	3.2	1.3	0.2	setosa
4	4.6	3.1	1.5	0.2	setosa
5	5.0	3.6	1.4	0.2	setosa
6	5.4	3.9	1.7	0.4	setosa
7	4.6	3.4	1.4	0.3	setosa
8	5.0	3.4	1.5	0.2	setosa
9	4.4	2.9	1.4	0.2	setosa
10	4.9	3.1	1.5	0.1	setosa
11	5.4	3.7	1.5	0.2	setosa
12	4.8	3.4	1.6	0.2	setosa
13	4.8	3.0	1.4	0.1	setosa
14	4.3	3.0	1.1	0.1	setosa
15	5.8	4.0	1.2	0.2	setosa
16	5.7	4.4	1.5	0.4	setosa
17	5.4	3.9	1.3	0.4	setosa
18	5.1	3.5	1.4	0.3	setosa
19	5.7	3.8	1.7	0.3	setosa
20	5.1	3.8	1.5	0.3	setosa
21	5.4	3.4	1.7	0.2	setosa
22	5.1	3.7	1.5	0.4	setosa
23	4.6	3.6	1.0	0.2	setosa
24	5.1	3.3	1.7	0.5	setosa
25	4.8	3.4	1.9	0.2	setosa
26	5.0	3.0	1.6	0.2	setosa
27	5.0	3.4	1.6	0.4	setosa
28	5.2	3.5	1.5	0.2	setosa
29	5.2	3.4	1.4	0.2	setosa
30	4.7	3.2	1.6	0.2	setosa
⋮	⋮	⋮	⋮	⋮	⋮

In [6]:

p = plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.point)

p = plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.point)

Out[6]:

In [7]:

img = SVG("iris_plot.svg", 14cm, 8cm)
draw(img, p)

img = SVG("iris_plot.svg", 14cm, 8cm) draw(img, p)

Out[7]:

false

In [8]:

plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth)

plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth)

Out[8]:

In [9]:

function get_to_it(d)
    ppoint = plot(d, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.point)
    pline = plot(d, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.line)
    ppoint, pline
end
ps = get_to_it(iris)
map(display, ps)

function get_to_it(d) ppoint = plot(d, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.point) pline = plot(d, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.line) ppoint, pline end ps = get_to_it(iris) map(display, ps)

Out[9]:

(nothing, nothing)

In [10]:

plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.point, Geom.line)

plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.point, Geom.line)

Out[10]:

In [11]:

SepalLength = iris.SepalLength
SepalWidth = iris.SepalWidth
plot(x=SepalLength, y=SepalWidth, Geom.point, Guide.xlabel("SepalLength"), Guide.ylabel("SepalWidth"))

SepalLength = iris.SepalLength SepalWidth = iris.SepalWidth plot(x=SepalLength, y=SepalWidth, Geom.point, Guide.xlabel("SepalLength"), Guide.ylabel("SepalWidth"))

Out[11]:

In [12]:

plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, color=:Species, Geom.point);

# or equivalently for Arrays:
Color = iris.Species
plot(x=SepalLength, y=SepalWidth, color=Color, Geom.point, 
    Guide.xlabel("SepalLength"), Guide.ylabel("SepalWidth"),
    Guide.colorkey(title="Species"))

plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, color=:Species, Geom.point); # or equivalently for Arrays: Color = iris.Species plot(x=SepalLength, y=SepalWidth, color=Color, Geom.point, Guide.xlabel("SepalLength"), Guide.ylabel("SepalWidth"), Guide.colorkey(title="Species"))

Out[12]:

In [15]:

y1 = [0.1, 0.26, NaN, 0.5, 0.4, NaN, 0.48, 0.58, 0.83]
plot(x=1:9, y=y1, Geom.line, Geom.point, 
    color=["Item 1"], linestyle=[:dash], size=[3pt],
    layer(x=1:10, y=rand(10), Geom.line, Geom.point,
        color=["Item 2"], size=[5pt], shape=[Shape.square]),
    layer(x=1:10, y=rand(10), color=[colorant"hotpink"],
        linestyle=[[8pt, 3pt, 2pt, 3pt]], Geom.line))

y1 = [0.1, 0.26, NaN, 0.5, 0.4, NaN, 0.48, 0.58, 0.83] plot(x=1:9, y=y1, Geom.line, Geom.point, color=["Item 1"], linestyle=[:dash], size=[3pt], layer(x=1:10, y=rand(10), Geom.line, Geom.point, color=["Item 2"], size=[5pt], shape=[Shape.square]), layer(x=1:10, y=rand(10), color=[colorant"hotpink"], linestyle=[[8pt, 3pt, 2pt, 3pt]], Geom.line))

Out[15]:

In [16]:

set_default_plot_size(21cm, 8cm)
mammals = dataset("MASS", "mammals")
p1 = plot(mammals, x=:Body, y=:Brain, label=:Mammal, Geom.point, Geom.label)
p2 = plot(mammals, x=:Body, y=:Brain, label=:Mammal, Geom.point, Geom.label,
    Scale.x_log10, Scale.y_log10)
hstack(p1, p2)

set_default_plot_size(21cm, 8cm) mammals = dataset("MASS", "mammals") p1 = plot(mammals, x=:Body, y=:Brain, label=:Mammal, Geom.point, Geom.label) p2 = plot(mammals, x=:Body, y=:Brain, label=:Mammal, Geom.point, Geom.label, Scale.x_log10, Scale.y_log10) hstack(p1, p2)

Out[16]:

In [18]:

using Printf
Diamonds = dataset("ggplot2", "diamonds")
p3 = plot(Diamonds, x=:Price,y=:Carat, Geom.histogram2d(xbincount=25, ybincount=25),
    Scale.x_continuous(format=:engineering))
p4 = plot(Diamonds, x=:Price, y=:Carat, Geom.histogram2d(xbincount=25, ybincount=25),
    Scale.x_continuous(format=:plain),
    Scale.y_sqrt(labels=y->@sprintf("%i", y^2)),
    Scale.color_log10(minvalue=1.0, maxvalue=10^4),
    Guide.yticks(ticks=sqrt.(0:5)))
hstack(p3, p4)

using Printf Diamonds = dataset("ggplot2", "diamonds") p3 = plot(Diamonds, x=:Price,y=:Carat, Geom.histogram2d(xbincount=25, ybincount=25), Scale.x_continuous(format=:engineering)) p4 = plot(Diamonds, x=:Price, y=:Carat, Geom.histogram2d(xbincount=25, ybincount=25), Scale.x_continuous(format=:plain), Scale.y_sqrt(labels=y->@sprintf("%i", y^2)), Scale.color_log10(minvalue=1.0, maxvalue=10^4), Guide.yticks(ticks=sqrt.(0:5))) hstack(p3, p4)

Out[18]:

In [20]:

mtcars = dataset("datasets", "mtcars")
labeldict = Dict(4=>"four", 6=>"six", 8=>"eight")
p5 = plot(mtcars, x=:Cyl, color=:Cyl, Geom.histogram,
    Scale.x_discrete(levels=[4, 6, 8]), Scale.color_discrete(levels=[4, 6, 8]))
p6 = plot(mtcars, x=:Cyl, color=:Cyl, Geom.histogram,
    Scale.x_discrete(labels=i->labeldict[i], levels=[8, 6, 4]),
    Scale.color_discrete(levels=[8, 6, 4]))
hstack(p5, p6)

mtcars = dataset("datasets", "mtcars") labeldict = Dict(4=>"four", 6=>"six", 8=>"eight") p5 = plot(mtcars, x=:Cyl, color=:Cyl, Geom.histogram, Scale.x_discrete(levels=[4, 6, 8]), Scale.color_discrete(levels=[4, 6, 8])) p6 = plot(mtcars, x=:Cyl, color=:Cyl, Geom.histogram, Scale.x_discrete(labels=i->labeldict[i], levels=[8, 6, 4]), Scale.color_discrete(levels=[8, 6, 4])) hstack(p5, p6)

Out[20]:

In [24]:

x, y = 0.55*rand(4), 0.55*rand(4)
plot(Coord.cartesian(xmin=0, ymin=0, xmax=1.0, ymax=1.0),
    layer(x=x, y=y, shape=["A"], alpha=["day", "day", "day", "night"]),
    layer(x=1.0 .- y[1:3], y=1.0 .- x[1:3], shape=["B", "C", "C"], alpha=["night"]),
    Scale.shape_discrete(levels=["A", "B", "C"]),
    Scale.alpha_discrete(levels=["day", "night"]),
    Theme(discrete_highlight_color=identity, point_size=12pt, 
        point_shapes=[Shape.circle, Shape.star1, Shape.star2], alphas=[0, 1.0],
        default_color="midnightblue")
    )

x, y = 0.55*rand(4), 0.55*rand(4) plot(Coord.cartesian(xmin=0, ymin=0, xmax=1.0, ymax=1.0), layer(x=x, y=y, shape=["A"], alpha=["day", "day", "day", "night"]), layer(x=1.0 .- y[1:3], y=1.0 .- x[1:3], shape=["B", "C", "C"], alpha=["night"]), Scale.shape_discrete(levels=["A", "B", "C"]), Scale.alpha_discrete(levels=["day", "night"]), Theme(discrete_highlight_color=identity, point_size=12pt, point_shapes=[Shape.circle, Shape.star1, Shape.star2], alphas=[0, 1.0], default_color="midnightblue") )

Out[24]:

In [25]:

gasoline = dataset("Ecdat", "Gasoline")
plot(gasoline, x=:Year, y=:LGasPCar, color=:Country, Geom.point, Geom.line)

gasoline = dataset("Ecdat", "Gasoline") plot(gasoline, x=:Year, y=:LGasPCar, color=:Country, Geom.point, Geom.line)

Out[25]:

In [26]:

fig1a = plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.point)
fig1b = plot(iris, x=:SepalWidth, Geom.bar)
fig1 = hstack(fig1a, fig1b)

fig1a = plot(iris, x=:SepalLength, y=:SepalWidth, Geom.point) fig1b = plot(iris, x=:SepalWidth, Geom.bar) fig1 = hstack(fig1a, fig1b)

Out[26]:

Gadfly는 Grammar of graphics